[neuroman]

90s
Afghan Whigs - recommend 1965 or Gentlemen
Brother Cane (grunge-like, recommend Wishpool)
Polvo - slinky, guitar driven 'math rock' - recommend self-titled EP or 'Shapes' LP.
Superchunk

others
A.C. Newman (lead singer of New Pornographers)
The Challengers (surf)
Dungen - Ta Det Lugnt (2004) is [censored] AWESOME--swedish alt/folk/psych rock. If you get nothing else I've listed, get this.
Electric Six (electronic fueled thrash rock)
The Futureheads (good english pop rock)
My Bloody Valentine
Los Straitjackets (surf)
Replacements
Screaming Trees (grunge)

compilations
Cowabunga! The Surf Box
Nuggets, Children of Nuggets